An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 347: What is justification?

Question 347: What is justification?

Justification is God’s gracious act by which He forgives my sins, declares me righteous in His sight, and counts me as accepted and beloved for the sake of Jesus Christ. I am justified not by any merit of my own, but solely through faith in Christ’s atoning death and resurrection. This righteousness is imputed to me, not earned by me, and it establishes peace with God and the beginning of new life. (Romans 3:23–24, Romans 5:1, Galatians 2:16, Philippians 3:9, 2 Corinthians 5:21)

Full Scripture References​

“…for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and are justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.” – Romans 3:23–24 (BSB)

“Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ.” – Romans 5:1 (BSB)

“…know that a man is not justified by works of the law, but by faith in Jesus Christ. So we too have believed in Christ Jesus, that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law…” – Galatians 2:16 (BSB)

“…and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ—the righteousness from God on the basis of faith.” – Philippians 3:9 (BSB)

“God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.” – 2 Corinthians 5:21 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

Justification is at the heart of the gospel—it is God’s legal declaration that the sinner is righteous in His sight, not by works, but through faith in Christ. It is not a process but a one-time, complete act of God’s grace. Bishop Charlie Masters (ANiC, Diocese of the Living Word) writes, “In justification, God does not merely overlook our sin—He removes it and clothes us with the righteousness of Christ. It is the great exchange: our guilt for His grace.” (Grace That Justifies, 2022)

This righteousness is not inherent in us; it is imputed to us—credited to our account through union with Christ. Fr. Isaac Rehberg (ACNA, All Saints San Antonio, TX) explains, “We are justified by faith alone, not because faith is a work, but because it unites us to the One who has done all the work—Jesus Christ.” (Declared Righteous, 2021)

Justification brings peace with God. It ends our alienation and restores our relationship with the Father. Fr. Caleb Evans (Anglican Orthodox Church, St. Stephen’s Mission, GA) teaches, “To be justified is to stand no longer condemned. The Judge becomes your Father, and the courtroom becomes a place of grace.” (Peace Through Christ, 2020)

This doctrine was central to the English Reformation and remains foundational for Anglican teaching. The Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion declare: “We are accounted righteous before God, only for the merit of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ by faith, and not for our own works or deservings.” (Article XI). Fr. Thomas Buchan (Anglican Union, St. Mark’s Anglican Church, VA) adds, “Justification is the root of all true comfort. Without it, there is no peace, no assurance, no salvation.” (By Faith Alone, 2021)

Canon George Grant (ACNA, Parish Presbyterian Church, TN) concludes, “Justification silences every accusation. The gospel does not say ‘try harder’—it says ‘Christ has done it.’ In Him, we are accepted, beloved, and free.” (Recovering Anglican Piety, 2019)

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

“We are made just not by ourselves, but by Him who justifies the ungodly. Faith opens the way for grace to enter.” – Augustine of Hippo, On the Spirit and the Letter, c. 412 AD

“It is not by works that we are counted righteous, but by faith in the one who raised Christ from the dead. For He Himself is our righteousness.” – Basil the Great, Homily on Faith and Grace, c. 370 AD

“Let no one boast in himself, but let him boast in the mercy of Christ. For He justifies the sinner and exalts the lowly.” – John Chrysostom, Homily on Romans 3, c. 390 AD

“We are justified by grace, not by law; by the cross, not by merit. All glory belongs to Christ who justifies the sinner by His blood.” – Cyprian of Carthage, On the Grace of God, c. 250 AD

An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

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