An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 306: What is temperance?

Question 306: What is temperance?

Temperance is the virtue of self-control and moderation. It enables me to master my desires and appetites so that I may live in freedom and holiness. Temperance is not the rejection of pleasure, but the right ordering of it under God’s will. It preserves the soul from excess and helps me walk in peace, purity, and discipline. (Titus 2:11–12, Galatians 5:22–23, 1 Corinthians 9:25, Proverbs 25:28, 1 Peter 1:13)

Full Scripture References​

“For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all men. It instructs us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live sensible, upright, and godly lives in the present age.” – Titus 2:11–12 (BSB)

“But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. Against such things there is no law.” – Galatians 5:22–23 (BSB)

“Everyone who competes in the games trains with strict discipline. They do it for a crown that is perishable, but we do it for a crown that is imperishable.” – 1 Corinthians 9:25 (BSB)

“Like a city whose walls are broken down is a man who does not control his temper.” – Proverbs 25:28 (BSB)

“Therefore prepare your minds for action. Be sober-minded; set your hope fully on the grace to be given you at the revelation of Jesus Christ.” – 1 Peter 1:13 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

Temperance is the spiritual strength to say no to sin and yes to God. It is not about denying the body, but about governing it under the lordship of Christ. Bishop Dan Gifford (ANiC, Diocese of Western Canada and Alaska) writes, “Temperance is ordered freedom. It teaches us to enjoy God’s gifts without being mastered by them.” (Discipline and Delight, 2022)

This virtue applies to every area of life: food, drink, speech, sexuality, ambition, and rest. Fr. Isaac Rehberg (ACNA, All Saints San Antonio, TX) explains, “Temperance doesn’t mean abstaining from good things, but handling them with restraint, purpose, and gratitude. It frees the heart from slavery to impulse.” (Holy Habits and Virtue, 2021)

Temperance is formed by training the soul to obey the Spirit rather than the flesh. It is strengthened through fasting, prayer, confession, and worship. Canon George Grant (ACNA, Parish Presbyterian Church, TN) teaches, “Temperance is the habit of holiness in the small things—choosing quiet over rage, patience over indulgence, and sobriety over distraction.” (Recovering Anglican Piety, 2019)

The Church has long emphasized temperance through both teaching and liturgical practice. Fr. Caleb Evans (Anglican Orthodox Church, St. Stephen’s Mission, GA) writes, “The liturgical year teaches temperance through its seasons—Lent disciplines our appetites; Easter trains our joy. The Church forms the body and the soul together.” (Spiritual Discipline and Christian Joy, 2020)

Fr. Thomas Buchan (Anglican Union, St. Mark’s Anglican Church, VA) concludes, “Temperance is Christ’s character in us. He was never ruled by hunger, anger, or fear. To follow Him is to learn mastery of self through surrender to God.” (Virtue in the Life of Christ, 2022)

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

“Temperance is the strength of the soul. It holds the reins of desire and guides the heart with wisdom.” – Augustine of Hippo, On Christian Doctrine, c. 397 AD

“The man who cannot control his appetites is a slave. But the temperate man is free, even in poverty.” – Basil the Great, On the Ascetical Life, c. 370 AD

“Let your body be your servant, not your master. Temperance teaches the body to obey the soul, and the soul to obey God.” – John Chrysostom, Homily on Matthew, c. 390 AD

“Temperance prepares the soul for virtue. It clears the mind, subdues the flesh, and makes room for prayer.” – Cyprian of Carthage, On the Discipline of the Christian Life, c. 250 AD

An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

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