An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 293: What are the Christian virtues?

Question 293: What are the Christian virtues?

The Christian virtues are holy habits of heart and life that reflect the character of Christ. Chief among them are faith, hope, and love, along with humility, patience, courage, chastity, generosity, self-control, and truthfulness. These virtues are cultivated by grace through the Holy Spirit and express the new life we are called to live as disciples of Jesus. (1 Corinthians 13:13, Galatians 5:22–23, Colossians 3:12–14, Romans 5:1–5, 2 Peter 1:5–7)

Full Scripture References​

“And now these three remain: faith, hope, and love; but the greatest of these is love.” – 1 Corinthians 13:13 (BSB)

“But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. Against such things there is no law.” – Galatians 5:22–23 (BSB)

“Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, clothe yourselves with hearts of compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience. Bear with one another and forgive any complaint you may have… And over all these virtues put on love, which is the bond of perfect unity.” – Colossians 3:12–14 (BSB)

“Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ… And not only that, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; perseverance, character; and character, hope.” – Romans 5:1–4 (BSB)

“For this very reason, make every effort to add to your faith virtue; and to virtue, knowledge; and to knowledge, self-control; and to self-control, perseverance; and to perseverance, godliness; and to godliness, brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness, love.” – 2 Peter 1:5–7 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

Christian virtues are not merely moral traits—they are the Spirit-formed character of Christ being reproduced in His people. Bishop Stephen Leung (ANiC, Diocese of Western Canada and Alaska) explains, “Virtues are the visible fruit of inward grace. They are what holiness looks like in everyday life.” (The Formation of Christian Character, 2021)

The classical triad of faith, hope, and love stands at the center of the Christian moral life. Fr. Elijah Simmons (Anglican Union, Church of the Holy Redeemer, TX) writes, “Faith trusts in God, hope longs for His promises, and love gives itself for others. These are not options—they are essentials for the soul alive in Christ.” (Virtue and Vocation, 2022)

Virtues are cultivated by grace and practice. They grow through prayer, obedience, community, and sacramental life. Bishop David Epps (CEEC – Anglican, Diocese of the Mid-South) observes, “You don’t drift into virtue—you train for it. Like a garden, it must be planted, watered, and guarded from the weeds of sin.” (Living the Fruitful Life, 2021)

The Anglican tradition, particularly in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, upholds virtue as the fruit of regeneration. Morning and Evening Prayer call believers daily to lives of holiness, peace, and service. Canon George Grant (ACNA, Parish Presbyterian Church, TN) teaches, “The virtuous life is not self-help—it is Spirit-help. It is what happens when grace takes root and begins to transform every part of us.” (Recovering Anglican Piety, 2019)

Fr. Caleb Evans (Anglican Orthodox Church, St. Stephen’s Mission, GA) adds, “Virtue is how Christ is made visible in the world through His people. Every act of patience, kindness, or courage is a glimpse of the kingdom coming.” (Catechesis and Character Formation, 2020)

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

“Virtue is the beauty of the soul. As the body is adorned by clothing, so the heart is adorned by righteousness.” – John Chrysostom, Homily on Ephesians, c. 390 AD

“Faith opens the door, hope walks through it, and love builds the house. These three are the foundation of all virtue.” – Augustine of Hippo, Enchiridion on Faith, Hope, and Love, c. 420 AD

“The virtues are the steps by which we climb to God: humility first, then obedience, then purity, then love.” – Basil the Great, On the Ascetical Life, c. 375 AD

“He who possesses virtue possesses Christ. For the virtues are not mere qualities—they are the life of the Lord lived in us.” – Irenaeus of Lyons, Against Heresies, c. 180 AD

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