An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 278: What is the Tenth Commandment?

Question 278: What is the Tenth Commandment?

The Tenth Commandment is: “You shall not covet.” This command teaches that God sees not only our actions but also our desires. It forbids envy, greed, and discontentment with what God has given us, and calls us to cultivate gratitude, contentment, and trust in His provision. (Exodus 20:17, Deuteronomy 5:21, Luke 12:15, Philippians 4:11–13, 1 Timothy 6:6–10)

Full Scripture References​

“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.” – Exodus 20:17 (BSB)

“You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You shall not desire your neighbor’s house, his field, or his manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.” – Deuteronomy 5:21 (BSB)

Then He said to them, “Watch out! Guard yourselves against every form of greed, for one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.” – Luke 12:15 (BSB)

I am not saying this out of need, for I have learned to be content regardless of my circumstances… I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength. – Philippians 4:11, 13 (BSB)

But godliness with contentment is great gain. For we brought nothing into the world, so we cannot carry anything out of it. But if we have food and clothing, we will be content with these. – 1 Timothy 6:6–8 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

The Tenth Commandment teaches that God’s law reaches beyond outward actions to the hidden desires of the heart. It forbids coveting—craving what belongs to others—as this leads to envy, resentment, theft, and even violence. Bishop Stephen Leung (ACNA, Diocese of Western Canada and Alaska, ANiC) writes, “Covetousness is a form of idolatry. It elevates created things above the Creator and corrupts the heart with discontent.” (Address on Heart Holiness, 2022)

Coveting distorts love. Rather than rejoicing in the blessings of others, it breeds jealousy and bitterness. Fr. Joel Scandrett (ACNA, Trinity School for Ministry) notes, “The Tenth Commandment diagnoses the soul. It shows us that sin is not only what we do, but what we want.” (Law and Desire, 2019) In this way, the commandment prepares us for the gospel by showing our deep need for transformation.

This commandment also teaches contentment—resting in God’s provision with gratitude and peace. Bishop Juan Garcia (Anglican Church in America, Anglican Union) explains, “To obey this command is to learn the freedom of trusting God’s goodness in every season. It is not the abundance of possessions but the presence of Christ that makes one rich.” (Sermons on the Ten Commandments, 2021)

Fr. James Basinger (Reformed Episcopal Church, Diocese of Mid-America) points out the social wisdom of this command: “Coveting fuels economic injustice, corruption, and exploitation. But contentment leads to justice, generosity, and peace.” (Lectures on Christian Ethics, 2020) The Tenth Commandment invites a life of simplicity, generosity, and joy in God’s sufficiency.

Canon George Grant (ACNA, Parish Presbyterian Church, TN) observes, “The root of every outward sin is often a disordered desire. This final commandment calls us to examine our longings and to bring them under the rule of Christ.” (Recovering Anglican Piety, 2018)

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

“The law is spiritual, and the Tenth Commandment proves it. It speaks not to the hands but to the heart.” – Augustine of Hippo, On the Spirit and the Letter, c. 412 AD

“Coveting is the seedbed of sin. Let your heart be filled with thanksgiving, and you will not envy your neighbor.” – John Chrysostom, Homily on Romans, c. 390 AD

“The man who covets cannot love. He sets himself in rivalry with others and in rebellion against God.” – Basil the Great, Moral Exhortations, c. 375 AD

“To desire what is not yours is to forget that God is your portion. Contentment is the worship of a soul at peace.” – Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor, c. 200 AD

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