An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 182: How do these ministries work together?

Question 182: How do these ministries work together?

The ministries of bishops, priests, deacons, and laity work together as members of Christ’s Body, each fulfilling a distinct but united role in the life and mission of the Church. Guided by the Holy Spirit, they serve in mutual submission and cooperation—bishops providing oversight, priests shepherding congregations, deacons extending mercy, and laypeople witnessing to Christ in every sphere of life. Together they glorify God and build up His Church. (Romans 12:4–6, 1 Corinthians 12:4–7, Ephesians 4:15–16, 1 Peter 4:10–11)

Full Scripture References​

“For just as each of us has one body with many members, and not all members have the same function, so in Christ we who are many are one body, and each member belongs to one another. We have different gifts according to the grace given us.” — Romans 12:4–6 (BSB)

“There are different gifts, but the same Spirit. There are different ministries, but the same Lord. There are different ways of working, but the same God works all things in all people. Now to each one the manifestation of the Spirit is given for the common good.” — 1 Corinthians 12:4–7 (BSB)

“Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will in all things grow up into Christ Himself, who is the head. From Him the whole body, fitted and held together by every supporting ligament, grows and builds itself up in love through the work of each individual part.” — Ephesians 4:15–16 (BSB)

“Each of you should use whatever gift he has received to serve one another, faithfully administering God’s grace in its various forms.” — 1 Peter 4:10 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

In the Church, ministry is not a competition but a collaboration. God has appointed different roles for the building up of His people, and these roles—when exercised in humility and love—work together to reveal the fullness of Christ’s presence and power. Bishops, priests, deacons, and laypeople are not separate castes, but different members of one body, each contributing to the Church’s mission under the Lordship of Jesus.

Bishops oversee the Church’s doctrine, unity, and order; priests preach the Word, administer the Sacraments, and care for souls; deacons extend the Church’s compassion through service and mercy; laypeople carry the Gospel into homes, workplaces, and communities. Each has a vital part, and none is complete without the others.

Canon Dr. Joel Scandrett (Trinity School for Ministry) writes, “The Church is not built on hierarchy, but on harmony. Each ministry exists not to exalt itself, but to serve the Body and glorify the Head—who is Christ.”

Bishop Stewart Ruch (Diocese of the Upper Midwest, ACNA) explains, “When bishops lead with wisdom, priests serve with faithfulness, deacons with compassion, and the laity with bold witness—the Church flourishes. This is Christ’s design, and it reflects His beauty.”

The 1662 Book of Common Prayer recognizes this cooperation in its liturgies, ordinals, and prayers. The Church is always described as “the whole Body,” with clergy and people alike participating in worship, witness, and ministry.

J.C. Ryle reminded the Church, “Each part of the Body has its work. A healthy Church is one where every hand is at the plow, every voice is lifted in truth, and no gift is idle.” (Practical Religion, 1878)

Archbishop Foley Beach (ACNA) has said, “The Church is strongest when all her members are engaged—praying, preaching, serving, and proclaiming Christ together. The work belongs to all, and Christ is glorified through our unity in diversity.”

This cooperation is not organizational only—it is spiritual. It is the Spirit of Christ who binds and empowers His people to labor together for the sake of the Gospel.

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

St. Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110 AD): “Let all respect the bishop, honor the presbyters, and care for the deacons. And let the people do all things in unity—for where there is unity, there is Christ.” — Letter to the Magnesians, 6

St. Cyprian of Carthage (c. 200–258 AD): “The Church is one, though she has many members. Each ministry supports the other, and all must be united under one Lord.” — On the Unity of the Church, 5

St. Augustine of Hippo (354–430 AD): “Let the bishop teach, the presbyter preach, the deacon serve, and the people believe and obey. Then the Church is full and strong.” — Sermon 340

St. John Chrysostom (c. 347–407 AD): “The eye needs the hand, the head needs the foot—so it is in the Church. The body works because it works together.” — Homily on 1 Corinthians, 12

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