An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 181: What is the ministry of deacons?

Question 181: What is the ministry of deacons?

The ministry of deacons is to serve Christ and His Church by assisting bishops and priests, proclaiming the Gospel, caring for the poor and needy, and embodying the servant-hearted love of Jesus. Deacons are ordained to a ministry of word and service—not to preside at the Sacraments, but to support the worship, mission, and mercy of the Church. (Acts 6:2–4, 1 Timothy 3:8–13, Matthew 20:26–28, Romans 12:7–8)

Full Scripture References​

“So the Twelve summoned all the disciples and said, ‘It is not right for us to neglect the ministry of the word of God in order to serve tables. Therefore, brothers, select from among you seven men of good repute, full of the Spirit and wisdom… and we will appoint them to this duty.’” — Acts 6:2–3 (BSB)

“Deacons likewise must be dignified, not double-tongued, not addicted to much wine, not greedy for money. They must hold to the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience.” — 1 Timothy 3:8–9 (BSB)

“Whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, and whoever wants to be first must be your slave—just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve…” — Matthew 20:26–28 (BSB)

“If it is serving, let him serve… if it is showing mercy, let him do it cheerfully.” — Romans 12:7–8 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

The deacon’s ministry is a sacred office of service modeled on the servant leadership of Jesus Christ. Deacons are ordained to assist in the Church’s worship, mission, and care for those in need. While they do not consecrate the Eucharist or pronounce absolution, they proclaim the Gospel, assist at the altar, lead public prayer, and minister in Christ’s name to the poor, the sick, and the forgotten.

The origin of the diaconate is found in Acts 6, where the apostles appointed seven men to oversee the Church’s charitable work so that the apostles could focus on prayer and the ministry of the Word. This practical service was deeply spiritual, rooted in wisdom, compassion, and the power of the Holy Spirit.

Canon Dr. Joel Scandrett (Trinity School for Ministry) writes, “The deacon stands where Christ stood—among the poor, the broken, and the overlooked. His ministry does not compete with preaching or teaching—it completes it by embodying love in action.”

Bishop Julian Dobbs (Diocese of the Living Word, ACNA) explains, “The deacon is the Church’s hands and feet in the world. Wherever there is suffering, confusion, or need, the deacon brings the Gospel in word and deed.”

The 1662 Book of Common Prayer Ordinal describes the deacon’s work as “to assist the priest in Divine Service, especially in the distribution of the Holy Communion, to instruct the youth, and to search for the sick, the poor, and the lonely, that they may be comforted and relieved.”

J.C. Ryle, while emphasizing preaching, honored the servant office: “The strength of the Church is not only in its pulpits, but in its mercy. When deacons serve with humility, they preach a sermon more powerful than many words.” (Practical Religion, 1878)

Archbishop Foley Beach (ACNA) has said, “The diaconate is not a step up, but a step down—a call to serve like Jesus, who washed feet and bore burdens. Deacons remind the Church that greatness lies in service.”

The ministry of deacons glorifies Christ by reflecting His humility, extending His mercy, and bringing His Gospel to the margins of the world.

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

St. Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110 AD): “Reverence the deacons as those appointed for the service of Jesus Christ. They are not lesser—they are Christ’s own servants.” — Letter to the Trallians, 2

St. Polycarp of Smyrna (c. 69–155 AD): “Let deacons be blameless before God and men, humble and faithful, guarding the truth and ministering to those in need.” — Letter to the Philippians, 5

St. John Chrysostom (c. 347–407 AD): “The deacon ministers not only at the altar but in the streets. He carries Christ’s compassion to those no one sees.” — Homily on Philippians, 1

St. Augustine of Hippo (354–430 AD): “The deacon’s hands are full not with power, but with mercy. He is the Gospel in motion.” — Sermon 220

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