An Anglican Catechism (Expanded Version)

Question 144: Why do Anglicans call the Eucharist “Holy Communion”?

Question 144: Why do Anglicans call the Eucharist “Holy Communion”?

Anglicans call the Eucharist “Holy Communion” because in it we truly commune with Christ, receiving His Body and Blood by faith, and are united with Him and with all His members in the one Body of the Church. It is called “communion” because it is a sacred sharing in Christ’s life, grace, and promises, and a visible sign of our fellowship with God and one another. (1 Corinthians 10:16–17, John 6:56, Ephesians 4:4–6, John 15:4–5)

Full Scripture References​

“The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? And the bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one loaf, we who are many are one body; for we all partake of the one loaf.” — 1 Corinthians 10:16–17 (BSB)

“Whoever eats My flesh and drinks My blood remains in Me, and I in him.” — John 6:56 (BSB)

“There is one body and one Spirit, just as you were called to one hope when you were called; one Lord, one faith, one baptism; one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all.” — Ephesians 4:4–6 (BSB)

“Abide in Me, and I will abide in you. Just as a branch cannot bear fruit by itself unless it remains in the vine, neither can you bear fruit unless you remain in Me.” — John 15:4 (BSB)

Expanded Explanation of Catechism Question

The Eucharist is called “Holy Communion” because in it we have true and living fellowship with Jesus Christ. Communion means sharing—and in this sacred meal we share in the life and death and resurrection of our Savior. It is not merely a remembrance but a spiritual partaking of Christ, received by faith. As Article XXVIII states, “The Body of Christ is given, taken, and eaten, in the Supper, only after a heavenly and spiritual manner.”

The name also speaks of our unity with one another. As we partake of one bread, we are made one body in Christ. Canon Dr. Joel Scandrett (Trinity School for Ministry) explains, “Holy Communion is not only our union with Christ, it is our union with His people. We eat from the same loaf, and so we live from the same grace.” The sacrament therefore makes visible the bond of peace and charity that exists in the Church.

This communion is holy because Christ is holy, and because the sacrament is consecrated by His word and Spirit. Bishop Keith L. Ackerman (Diocese of Quincy, ACNA) writes, “When we speak of Holy Communion, we speak of a divine gift: Christ truly present to the faithful, nourishing them with His own life.” It is not a mere symbol, but a divine mystery that requires reverence, faith, and thanksgiving.

Anglicans treasure the Eucharist as the Church’s highest act of worship, wherein Christ feeds us and draws us deeper into His grace. Canon David Roseberry (Anglican Mission in America) puts it simply: “Holy Communion is where Christ meets His people. He gives Himself—again and again—not as a memory, but as real food for our souls.”

Thus, we rightly call this sacrament Holy Communion: it is a sacred sharing in Christ and a true participation in the unity and love of His Body, the Church.

Early Church Fathers On Catechism Question

St. Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110 AD): “Take care, then, to use one Eucharist, so that whatever you do, you do according to God: for there is one flesh of our Lord Jesus Christ, and one cup to unite us in His blood.” — Letter to the Philadelphians, 4

St. Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 313–386 AD): “In the Eucharist, we become Christ-bearers, as His Body and Blood mingle with our own. We are united with Him, not in symbol alone, but in truth.” — Catechetical Lectures, 22.3

St. Augustine of Hippo (354–430 AD): “If you are the body and members of Christ, then it is your own mystery that lies upon the Lord’s table. Be what you see; receive what you are.” — Sermon 272

St. Irenaeus of Lyons (c. 130–200 AD): “Our bodies, partaking of the Eucharist, are no longer corruptible, having the hope of resurrection. For as bread from the earth receives the invocation of God and becomes Eucharist, so also do our bodies participate in life.” — Against Heresies, 4.18.5

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